rick-infra/docs/authentik-deployment-guide.md

# Authentik Deployment Guide

A comprehensive guide for deploying Authentik authentication server with native database services and Unix socket IPC in the rick-infra environment.

## Overview

This guide covers the complete deployment process for Authentik, a modern authentication and authorization server, integrated with:

- **Native PostgreSQL** - High-performance database with Unix socket IPC
- **Native Valkey** - Redis-compatible cache with Unix socket IPC  
- **Podman Containers** - System-level container orchestration via systemd/Quadlet
- **Caddy Reverse Proxy** - TLS termination and forward authentication

## Architecture Summary

```
┌─────────────────┐    ┌─────────────────┐    ┌─────────────────────────┐
│   Internet      │    │   Caddy Proxy   │    │  Authentik (systemd)    │
│                 │───▶│ auth.jnss.me    │───▶│  /system.slice/         │
│ HTTPS/443       │    │ TLS + Forward   │    │                         │
└─────────────────┘    │ Auth            │    │ ┌─────────────────────┐ │
                       └─────────────────┘    │ │ Pod + Server/Worker │ │
                                              │ │ User: 966:966       │ │
                                              │ │ Groups: 961,962     │ │
                                              │ └─────────────────────┘ │
                                              └─────────────────────────┘
                                                        │
                       ┌─────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────┐
                       │         Host Infrastructure     │                 │
                       │                                 ▼                 │
                       │  ┌─────────────┐    ┌─────────────────────────┐   │
                       │  │ PostgreSQL  │    │       Valkey            │   │
                       │  │ (Native)    │    │    (Redis-compatible)   │   │
                       │  │ Unix Socket │    │     Unix Socket         │   │
                       │  │ Group: 962  │    │     Group: 961          │   │
                       │  └─────────────┘    └─────────────────────────┘   │
                       └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
```

## Prerequisites

### Infrastructure Requirements

Before deploying Authentik, ensure the following infrastructure services are running:

```bash
# Verify required services are active
ssh root@your-vps "systemctl is-active postgresql valkey caddy podman"
```

Expected output: All services should show `active`

### Required Infrastructure Components

1. **PostgreSQL Database** 
   - Native systemd service with Unix socket enabled
   - Socket location: `/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432`

2. **Valkey Cache Service**
   - Native systemd service with Unix socket enabled  
   - Socket location: `/var/run/valkey/valkey.sock`

3. **Podman Container Runtime**
   - Container runtime installed
   - systemd integration (Quadlet) configured

4. **Caddy Web Server**
   - TLS/SSL termination configured
   - API management enabled for dynamic configuration

### DNS Configuration

Ensure DNS records are configured for your authentik domain:

```bash
# Verify DNS resolution
dig +short auth.jnss.me
# Should return your VPS IP address
```

### Network Requirements

- **Port 80/443**: Open for HTTP/HTTPS traffic
- **Internal communications**: Unix sockets (no additional ports required)

## Vault Variables Setup

### Required Vault Variables

Create or update `host_vars/arch-vps/vault.yml` with the following encrypted variables:

```yaml
---
# Authentik Database Password
vault_authentik_db_password: "secure_random_password_32_chars"

# Authentik Secret Key (generate with: openssl rand -base64 32)
vault_authentik_secret_key: "your_generated_secret_key_here"

# Authentik Admin Password  
vault_authentik_admin_password: "secure_admin_password"

# Infrastructure Dependencies (should already exist)
vault_valkey_password: "valkey_password"
```

### Generate Required Secrets

```bash
# Generate Authentik secret key
openssl rand -base64 32

# Generate secure passwords
openssl rand -base64 20
```

### Encrypt Vault File

```bash
# Encrypt the vault file
ansible-vault encrypt host_vars/arch-vps/vault.yml

# Verify vault variables
ansible-vault view host_vars/arch-vps/vault.yml
```

## Pre-deployment Validation

### Infrastructure Health Check

Run the following commands to verify infrastructure readiness:

```bash
# 1. Check PostgreSQL Unix socket
ssh root@your-vps "ls -la /var/run/postgresql/"
# Should show .s.PGSQL.5432 socket file

# 2. Check Valkey Unix socket  
ssh root@your-vps "ls -la /var/run/valkey/"
# Should show valkey.sock file

# 3. Test PostgreSQL connectivity
ssh root@your-vps "sudo -u postgres psql -h /var/run/postgresql -c 'SELECT version();'"
# Should return PostgreSQL version

# 4. Test Valkey connectivity
ssh root@your-vps "redis-cli -s /var/run/valkey/valkey.sock ping"
# Should return "PONG"

# 5. Verify Caddy is responsive
curl -I https://jnss.me/
# Should return HTTP/2 200
```

### Ansible Configuration Validation

```bash
# Test Ansible connectivity
ansible arch-vps -m ping

# Verify vault variables can be decrypted
ansible arch-vps -m debug -a "var=vault_authentik_secret_key" --ask-vault-pass
```

## Step-by-Step Deployment

### Step 1: Enable Authentik Role

Update `site.yml` to include the authentik role:

```yaml
- name: Deploy Core Infrastructure
  hosts: arch-vps
  become: true
  gather_facts: true
  
  roles:
    # Infrastructure dependencies handled automatically via meta/main.yml
    - role: authentik
      tags: ['authentik', 'auth', 'sso']
```

### Step 2: Execute Deployment

```bash
# Full deployment with verbose output
ansible-playbook -i inventory/hosts.yml site.yml --tags authentik --ask-vault-pass -v

# Alternative: Deploy with specific components
ansible-playbook -i inventory/hosts.yml site.yml --tags authentik,database,containers --ask-vault-pass
```

### Step 3: Monitor Deployment Progress

During deployment, monitor the following:

```bash
# Monitor deployment logs in real-time (separate terminal)
ssh root@your-vps "journalctl -f"

# Watch for authentik-specific services
ssh root@your-vps "systemctl --user -M authentik@ status"
```

### Step 4: Verify Container Deployment

After deployment completion:

```bash
# Check systemd services (system scope)
ssh root@your-vps "systemctl list-units 'authentik*'"

# Verify service location
ssh root@your-vps "systemctl status authentik-server | grep CGroup"
# Expected: /system.slice/authentik-server.service

# Verify containers are running
ssh root@your-vps "podman ps"

# Check pod status
ssh root@your-vps "podman pod ps"
```

### Step 5: Health Check Verification

```bash
# Test internal HTTP endpoint
ssh root@your-vps "curl -I http://127.0.0.1:9000/"
# Expected: HTTP/1.1 302 Found (redirect to login)

# Test external HTTPS endpoint  
curl -I https://auth.jnss.me/
# Expected: HTTP/2 200 or 302

# Test authentik API endpoint
curl -s https://auth.jnss.me/api/v3/admin/version/
# Expected: JSON response with authentication error (proves API is responsive)
```

## Post-deployment Configuration

### Initial Admin Access

1. **Access Web Interface**:
   ```bash
   # Open in browser
   https://auth.jnss.me/
   ```

2. **Admin Login**:
   - **Username**: `admin@auth.jnss.me` (or configured admin email)
   - **Password**: Value from `vault_authentik_admin_password`

3. **Verify Admin Access**:
   - Navigate to `/if/admin/` 
   - Confirm admin interface loads successfully
   - Check system status in admin dashboard

### Essential Configuration Tasks

#### 1. Configure OAuth2 Provider

```bash
# Navigate to Applications → Providers → Create
# Provider Type: OAuth2/OpenID Provider
# Name: "Default OAuth2 Provider"  
# Client Type: Confidential
# Authorization Grant Type: Authorization Code
# Redirect URIs: Add your application callback URLs
```

#### 2. Create Application  

```bash
# Navigate to Applications → Applications → Create
# Name: "Your Application Name"
# Slug: "your-app"
# Provider: Select OAuth2 provider created above
# Launch URL: Your application URL
```

#### 3. Configure Forward Auth (for Caddy integration)

```bash
# Navigate to Applications → Providers → Create
# Provider Type: Proxy Provider
# Name: "Forward Auth Provider"
# External Host: https://your-service.jnss.me
# Internal Host: http://localhost:8080 (your service backend)
```

## Service Integration Examples

### Example 1: Protect Existing HTTP Service with Forward Auth

Add to your service's Caddy configuration:

```caddyfile
# In /etc/caddy/sites-enabled/myservice.caddy
myservice.jnss.me {
    # Forward authentication to authentik
    forward_auth https://auth.jnss.me {
        uri /outpost.goauthentik.io/auth/caddy
        copy_headers Remote-User Remote-Name Remote-Email Remote-Groups
    }
    
    # Your service backend
    reverse_proxy localhost:8080
}
```

### Example 2: OAuth2 Integration for Custom Applications

For applications that can handle OAuth2 directly:

```yaml
# Application configuration
OAUTH2_PROVIDER_URL: "https://auth.jnss.me/application/o/authorize/"
OAUTH2_TOKEN_URL: "https://auth.jnss.me/application/o/token/"
OAUTH2_USER_INFO_URL: "https://auth.jnss.me/application/o/userinfo/"
OAUTH2_CLIENT_ID: "your_client_id"
OAUTH2_CLIENT_SECRET: "your_client_secret"
OAUTH2_REDIRECT_URI: "https://yourapp.jnss.me/oauth/callback"
```

## Troubleshooting Guide

### Common Issues and Solutions

#### Issue: Containers fail to start with socket permission errors

**Symptoms**:
```
Error: failed to connect to database: permission denied
```

**Solution**:
```bash
# Check authentik user group membership
ssh root@your-vps "groups authentik"
# Should show: authentik postgres-clients valkey-clients

# Verify container process groups
ssh root@your-vps "ps aux | grep authentik-server | head -1 | awk '{print \$2}' | xargs -I {} cat /proc/{}/status | grep Groups"
# Should show: Groups: 961 962 966 (valkey-clients postgres-clients authentik)

# Verify socket permissions
ssh root@your-vps "ls -la /var/run/postgresql/ /var/run/valkey/"

# Fix group membership if missing
ansible-playbook site.yml --tags authentik,user,setup --ask-vault-pass
```

#### Issue: HTTP binding errors (address already in use)

**Symptoms**:
```
Error: bind: address already in use (port 9000)
```

**Solution**:
```bash
# Check what's using port 9000
ssh root@your-vps "netstat -tulpn | grep 9000"

# Stop conflicting services
ssh root@your-vps "systemctl stop authentik-pod"

# Restart with correct configuration
ansible-playbook site.yml --tags authentik,containers --ask-vault-pass
```

#### Issue: Database connection failures

**Symptoms**:
```
FATAL: database "authentik" does not exist
```

**Solution**:
```bash
# Recreate database and user
ansible-playbook site.yml --tags authentik,database --ask-vault-pass

# Verify database creation
ssh root@your-vps "sudo -u postgres psql -h /var/run/postgresql -c '\l'" 
```

#### Issue: Cache connection failures

**Symptoms**:
```
Error connecting to Redis: Connection refused
```

**Solution**:
```bash
# Check Valkey service status
ssh root@your-vps "systemctl status valkey"

# Test socket connectivity
ssh root@your-vps "redis-cli -s /var/run/valkey/valkey.sock ping"

# Redeploy cache configuration if needed
ansible-playbook site.yml --tags authentik,cache --ask-vault-pass
```

### Diagnostic Commands

#### Container Debugging

```bash
# Check container logs
ssh root@your-vps "podman logs authentik-server"
ssh root@your-vps "podman logs authentik-worker"

# Inspect container configuration
ssh root@your-vps "podman inspect authentik-server"

# Check container user/group mapping
ssh root@your-vps "podman exec authentik-server id"
# Expected: uid=966(authentik) gid=966(authentik) groups=966(authentik),961(valkey-clients),962(postgres-clients)
```

#### Service Status Verification

```bash
# Check all authentik systemd services
ssh root@your-vps "systemctl status authentik-pod authentik-server authentik-worker"

# View service dependencies
ssh root@your-vps "systemctl list-dependencies authentik-pod"

# Verify services are in system.slice
ssh root@your-vps "systemctl status authentik-server | grep CGroup"
# Expected: /system.slice/authentik-server.service
```

#### Network Connectivity Testing

```bash
# Test internal HTTP binding
ssh root@your-vps "curl -v http://127.0.0.1:9000/"

# Test Caddy reverse proxy
ssh root@your-vps "curl -v http://127.0.0.1:80/ -H 'Host: auth.jnss.me'"

# Test external HTTPS
curl -v https://auth.jnss.me/
```

### Log Analysis

#### Key Log Locations

```bash
# Authentik application logs
ssh root@your-vps "cat /opt/authentik/logs/server.log"
ssh root@your-vps "cat /opt/authentik/logs/worker.log"

# systemd service logs
ssh root@your-vps "journalctl -u authentik-server -f"
ssh root@your-vps "journalctl -u authentik-worker -f"

# Caddy logs for reverse proxy issues
ssh root@your-vps "journalctl -u caddy -f"
```

#### Common Log Patterns

**Successful startup**:
```
INFO     authentik.core.signals: authentik 2025.10.x starting
INFO     authentik.core.models: Database version up-to-date
```

**Database connection success**:
```
INFO     authentik.core.db: Connected to database via unix socket
```

**Cache connection success**:
```
INFO     authentik.core.cache: Connected to cache via unix socket
```

## Performance Monitoring

### Resource Usage Monitoring

```bash
# Monitor container resource usage
ssh root@your-vps "podman stats"

# Monitor service memory usage
ssh root@your-vps "systemctl status authentik-server | grep Memory"

# Monitor database connections
ssh root@your-vps "sudo -u postgres psql -h /var/run/postgresql -c 'SELECT * FROM pg_stat_activity;'"
```

### Performance Optimization Tips

1. **Database Performance**:
   - Monitor PostgreSQL slow query log
   - Consider database connection pooling for high traffic
   - Regular database maintenance (VACUUM, ANALYZE)

2. **Cache Performance**:
   - Monitor Valkey memory usage and hit rate
   - Adjust cache TTL settings based on usage patterns
   - Consider cache warming for frequently accessed data

3. **Container Performance**:
   - Monitor container memory limits and usage
   - Optimize shared memory configuration if needed
   - Review worker process configuration

## Maintenance Tasks

### Regular Maintenance

#### Update Authentik Version

```yaml
# Update version in defaults or inventory
authentik_version: "2025.12.1"  # New version

# Deploy update
ansible-playbook site.yml --tags authentik,containers --ask-vault-pass
```

#### Backup Procedures

```bash
# Database backup
ssh root@your-vps "sudo -u postgres pg_dump -h /var/run/postgresql authentik > /backup/authentik-$(date +%Y%m%d).sql"

# Media files backup
ssh root@your-vps "tar -czf /backup/authentik-media-$(date +%Y%m%d).tar.gz -C /opt/authentik media"

# Configuration backup (run from ansible control machine)
ansible-vault view host_vars/arch-vps/vault.yml > backup/authentik-vault-$(date +%Y%m%d).yml
```

#### Health Monitoring

Set up regular health checks:

```bash
#!/bin/bash
# Health check script
HEALTH_URL="https://auth.jnss.me/if/health/live/"
if ! curl -f -s "$HEALTH_URL" > /dev/null; then
    echo "Authentik health check failed"
    # Add alerting logic
fi
```

### Security Maintenance

#### Certificate Monitoring

```bash
# Check certificate expiration
ssh root@your-vps "curl -vI https://auth.jnss.me/ 2>&1 | grep expire"

# Caddy handles renewal automatically, but monitor logs
ssh root@your-vps "journalctl -u caddy | grep -i cert"
```

#### Security Updates

```bash
# Update container images regularly
ansible-playbook site.yml --tags authentik,image-pull --ask-vault-pass

# Monitor for Authentik security advisories
# https://github.com/goauthentik/authentik/security/advisories
```

## Support and Resources

### Documentation References

- **Authentik Official Documentation**: https://docs.goauthentik.io/
- **rick-infra Architecture Decisions**: [docs/architecture-decisions.md](architecture-decisions.md)
- **Service Integration Guide**: [docs/service-integration-guide.md](service-integration-guide.md)
- **Security Model**: [docs/security-hardening.md](security-hardening.md)

### Community Resources

- **Authentik Community Forum**: https://community.goauthentik.io/
- **GitHub Issues**: https://github.com/goauthentik/authentik/issues
- **Discord Community**: https://discord.gg/jg33eMhnj6

### Emergency Procedures

#### Service Recovery

```bash
# Emergency service restart
ssh root@your-vps "systemctl restart authentik-pod"

# Fallback: Direct container management
ssh root@your-vps "podman pod restart authentik"

# Last resort: Full service rebuild
ansible-playbook site.yml --tags authentik --ask-vault-pass --limit arch-vps
```

#### Rollback Procedures

```bash
# Rollback to previous container version
authentik_version: "previous_working_version"
ansible-playbook site.yml --tags authentik,containers --ask-vault-pass

# Database rollback (if needed)
ssh root@your-vps "sudo -u postgres psql -h /var/run/postgresql authentik < /backup/authentik-backup.sql"
```

---

## Deployment Checklist

Use this checklist to ensure complete deployment:

### Pre-deployment
- [ ] Infrastructure services (PostgreSQL, Valkey, Caddy, Podman) running
- [ ] DNS records configured for auth.jnss.me  
- [ ] Vault variables configured and encrypted
- [ ] Ansible connectivity verified

### Deployment
- [ ] Authentik role enabled in site.yml
- [ ] Deployment executed successfully
- [ ] Health checks passing
- [ ] Containers running and responsive

### Post-deployment
- [ ] Admin web interface accessible
- [ ] Initial admin login successful  
- [ ] OAuth2 provider configured
- [ ] Test application integration
- [ ] Forward auth configuration tested

### Production Readiness
- [ ] Backup procedures implemented
- [ ] Monitoring and alerting configured
- [ ] Security review completed
- [ ] Documentation updated
- [ ] Team training completed

---

This comprehensive deployment guide provides everything needed to successfully deploy and maintain Authentik in the rick-infra environment, emphasizing the security and performance benefits of our native database + Unix socket architecture.