Fix Nextcloud DNS resolution and implement systemd cron for background jobs

- Enable IP forwarding in security playbook (net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1)
- Add podman network firewall rules to fix container DNS/HTTPS access
- Implement systemd timer for reliable Nextcloud background job execution
- Add database optimization tasks (indices, bigint conversion, mimetypes)
- Configure maintenance window (04:00 UTC) and phone region (NO)
- Add security headers (X-Robots-Tag, X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies)
- Create Nextcloud removal playbook for clean uninstall
- Fix nftables interface matching (podman0 vs podman+)

Root cause: nftables FORWARD chain blocked container egress traffic
Solution: Explicit firewall rules for podman0 bridge interface

now-what.md

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 
 - [ ] What gets served on jnss.me?
 - [ ] Backups
+- [x] Titan email provider support. For smtp access to hello@jnss.me
 
 - [ ] Vaultvarden
 
@@ -13,10 +14,12 @@
     - [ ] Settings
     - [ ] Contacts and calendars
     - [ ] Storage bucket integration?
+    - [x] SMTP setup for email sending
 
 - [x] Gitea
     - [x] SSH passthrough setup
     - [x] Figure out how to disable registration and local password
+    - [x] SMTP setup for email sending
 
 - [ ] Authentik Invitations for users?
 

playbooks/remove-nextcloud.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,212 @@
+---
+# =================================================================
+# Nextcloud Removal Playbook
+# =================================================================
+# Rick-Infra - Clean removal of Nextcloud installation
+#
+# This playbook removes all Nextcloud components:
+# - Systemd services and timers
+# - Container and images
+# - Data directories
+# - Database and user
+# - Caddy configuration
+# - System user and groups
+#
+# Usage: ansible-playbook playbooks/remove-nextcloud.yml -i inventory/hosts.yml
+
+- name: Remove Nextcloud Installation
+  hosts: arch-vps
+  become: yes
+  gather_facts: yes
+  
+  vars:
+    nextcloud_user: nextcloud
+    nextcloud_group: nextcloud
+    nextcloud_home: /opt/nextcloud
+    nextcloud_db_name: nextcloud
+    nextcloud_db_user: nextcloud
+    caddy_sites_enabled_dir: /etc/caddy/sites-enabled
+  
+  tasks:
+    # ============================================
+    # Stop and Disable Services
+    # ============================================
+    
+    - name: Stop and disable nextcloud-cron timer
+      systemd:
+        name: nextcloud-cron.timer
+        state: stopped
+        enabled: no
+      failed_when: false
+      
+    - name: Stop and disable nextcloud-cron service
+      systemd:
+        name: nextcloud-cron.service
+        state: stopped
+        enabled: no
+      failed_when: false
+    
+    - name: Stop and disable nextcloud service
+      systemd:
+        name: nextcloud.service
+        state: stopped
+        enabled: no
+      failed_when: false
+    
+    # ============================================
+    # Remove Container and Images
+    # ============================================
+    
+    - name: Remove nextcloud container (if running)
+      command: podman rm -f nextcloud
+      register: container_remove
+      changed_when: container_remove.rc == 0
+      failed_when: false
+    
+    - name: Remove nextcloud images
+      command: podman rmi -f {{ item }}
+      loop:
+        - docker.io/library/nextcloud:stable-fpm
+        - docker.io/library/nextcloud
+      register: image_remove
+      changed_when: image_remove.rc == 0
+      failed_when: false
+    
+    # ============================================
+    # Remove Systemd Units
+    # ============================================
+    
+    - name: Remove nextcloud-cron systemd units
+      file:
+        path: "{{ item }}"
+        state: absent
+      loop:
+        - /etc/systemd/system/nextcloud-cron.timer
+        - /etc/systemd/system/nextcloud-cron.service
+    
+    - name: Remove nextcloud quadlet file
+      file:
+        path: /etc/containers/systemd/nextcloud.container
+        state: absent
+    
+    - name: Reload systemd daemon
+      systemd:
+        daemon_reload: yes
+    
+    # ============================================
+    # Remove Database
+    # ============================================
+    
+    - name: Drop nextcloud database
+      become_user: postgres
+      postgresql_db:
+        name: "{{ nextcloud_db_name }}"
+        state: absent
+      failed_when: false
+    
+    - name: Drop nextcloud database user
+      become_user: postgres
+      postgresql_user:
+        name: "{{ nextcloud_db_user }}"
+        state: absent
+      failed_when: false
+    
+    # ============================================
+    # Remove Caddy Configuration
+    # ============================================
+    
+    - name: Remove nextcloud Caddy configuration
+      file:
+        path: "{{ caddy_sites_enabled_dir }}/nextcloud.caddy"
+        state: absent
+      notify: reload caddy
+    
+    # ============================================
+    # Remove Data Directories
+    # ============================================
+    
+    - name: Remove nextcloud home directory (including all data)
+      file:
+        path: "{{ nextcloud_home }}"
+        state: absent
+    
+    # ============================================
+    # Remove User and Groups
+    # ============================================
+    
+    - name: Remove nextcloud user
+      user:
+        name: "{{ nextcloud_user }}"
+        state: absent
+        remove: yes
+        force: yes
+    
+    - name: Remove nextcloud group
+      group:
+        name: "{{ nextcloud_group }}"
+        state: absent
+    
+    # ============================================
+    # Clean Up Remaining Files
+    # ============================================
+    
+    - name: Find nextcloud-related files in /tmp
+      find:
+        paths: /tmp
+        patterns: "nextcloud*,nc_*"
+        file_type: any
+      register: tmp_files
+    
+    - name: Remove nextcloud temp files
+      file:
+        path: "{{ item.path }}"
+        state: absent
+      loop: "{{ tmp_files.files }}"
+      when: tmp_files.files | length > 0
+      failed_when: false
+    
+    - name: Remove caddy logs for nextcloud
+      file:
+        path: /var/log/caddy/nextcloud.log
+        state: absent
+      failed_when: false
+    
+    # ============================================
+    # Verification
+    # ============================================
+    
+    - name: Verify nextcloud service is removed
+      command: systemctl list-units --all nextcloud*
+      register: units_check
+      changed_when: false
+    
+    - name: Verify nextcloud container is removed
+      command: podman ps -a --filter name=nextcloud
+      register: container_check
+      changed_when: false
+    
+    - name: Display removal status
+      debug:
+        msg: |
+          ✅ Nextcloud removal complete!
+          
+          Removed components:
+          - ⏹️  Nextcloud service and cron timer
+          - 🐳 Container: {{ 'Removed' if container_remove.rc == 0 else 'Not found' }}
+          - 🗄️  Database: {{ nextcloud_db_name }}
+          - 📁 Data directory: {{ nextcloud_home }}
+          - 👤 System user: {{ nextcloud_user }}
+          - 🌐 Caddy configuration
+          
+          Remaining services:
+          {{ units_check.stdout }}
+          
+          Containers:
+          {{ container_check.stdout }}
+  
+  handlers:
+    - name: reload caddy
+      systemd:
+        name: caddy
+        state: reloaded
+      failed_when: false

playbooks/security.yml

@@ -322,8 +322,8 @@
         sysctl_file: /etc/sysctl.d/99-security.conf
         reload: yes
       loop:
-        # Disable IP forwarding
+        # Enable IP forwarding (required for container networking)
-        - { name: 'net.ipv4.ip_forward', value: '0' }
+        - { name: 'net.ipv4.ip_forward', value: '1' }
         - { name: 'net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding', value: '0' }
         
         # Disable source routing

rick-infra.yml

@@ -25,13 +25,13 @@
     #     name: authentik
     #   tags: ['authentik', 'sso', 'auth']
 
-    - name: Deploy Gitea
+    # - name: Deploy Gitea
-      include_role:
-        name: gitea
-      tags: ['gitea', 'git', 'development']
-
-    # - name: Deploy Nextcloud
     #   include_role:
-    #     name: nextcloud
+    #     name: gitea
-    #   tags: ['nextcloud', 'cloud', 'storage']
+    #   tags: ['gitea', 'git', 'development']
+
+    - name: Deploy Nextcloud
+      include_role:
+        name: nextcloud
+      tags: ['nextcloud', 'cloud', 'storage']
     

roles/nextcloud/defaults/main.yml

@@ -67,6 +67,20 @@ nextcloud_overwriteprotocol: "https"
 nextcloud_php_memory_limit: "512M"
 nextcloud_php_upload_limit: "512M"
 
+# =================================================================
+# Background Jobs Configuration
+# =================================================================
+
+nextcloud_background_jobs_mode: "cron"  # Options: ajax, webcron, cron
+nextcloud_cron_interval: "5min"  # How often cron runs (systemd timer)
+
+# =================================================================
+# Maintenance Configuration
+# =================================================================
+
+nextcloud_maintenance_window_start: 4  # Start hour (UTC) for maintenance window
+nextcloud_default_phone_region: "NO"  # Default phone region code (ISO 3166-1 alpha-2)
+
 # =================================================================
 # Caddy Integration
 # =================================================================

roles/nextcloud/tasks/cron.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+---
+# =================================================================
+# Nextcloud Background Jobs Configuration
+# =================================================================
+# Rick-Infra - Nextcloud Role
+#
+# Configures systemd timer for reliable background job execution
+# instead of Ajax-based cron (which requires user activity)
+
+- name: Create nextcloud cron service
+  copy:
+    content: |
+      [Unit]
+      Description=Nextcloud Background Jobs (cron.php)
+      Documentation=https://docs.nextcloud.com/server/latest/admin_manual/configuration_server/background_jobs_configuration.html
+      After=nextcloud.service
+      Requires=nextcloud.service
+
+      [Service]
+      Type=oneshot
+      ExecStart=/usr/bin/podman exec --user www-data nextcloud php -f /var/www/html/cron.php
+      
+      # Logging
+      StandardOutput=journal
+      StandardError=journal
+      SyslogIdentifier=nextcloud-cron
+    dest: /etc/systemd/system/nextcloud-cron.service
+    mode: '0644'
+    backup: yes
+  notify: reload systemd
+
+- name: Create nextcloud cron timer
+  copy:
+    content: |
+      [Unit]
+      Description=Nextcloud Background Jobs Timer
+      Documentation=https://docs.nextcloud.com/server/latest/admin_manual/configuration_server/background_jobs_configuration.html
+
+      [Timer]
+      OnBootSec=5min
+      OnUnitActiveSec={{ nextcloud_cron_interval }}
+      Unit=nextcloud-cron.service
+
+      [Install]
+      WantedBy=timers.target
+    dest: /etc/systemd/system/nextcloud-cron.timer
+    mode: '0644'
+    backup: yes
+  notify: reload systemd
+
+- name: Enable and start nextcloud cron timer
+  systemd:
+    name: nextcloud-cron.timer
+    enabled: yes
+    state: started
+    daemon_reload: yes
+
+- name: Configure Nextcloud to use cron for background jobs
+  command: >
+    podman exec --user www-data nextcloud
+    php occ background:cron
+  register: nextcloud_cron_mode
+  changed_when: "'background jobs mode changed' in nextcloud_cron_mode.stdout or 'Set mode for background jobs to' in nextcloud_cron_mode.stdout"
+  failed_when: 
+    - nextcloud_cron_mode.rc != 0
+    - "'mode for background jobs is currently' not in nextcloud_cron_mode.stdout"
+
+- name: Verify cron timer is active
+  command: systemctl is-active nextcloud-cron.timer
+  register: timer_status
+  changed_when: false
+  failed_when: timer_status.stdout != "active"

roles/nextcloud/tasks/main.yml

@@ -138,6 +138,21 @@
   notify: restart nextcloud
   tags: [config, redis]
 
+- name: Truncate nextcloud.log to prevent bloat
+  shell: |
+    podman exec nextcloud truncate -s 0 /var/www/html/data/nextcloud.log || true
+  changed_when: false
+  failed_when: false
+  tags: [maintenance, cleanup]
+
+- name: Configure background jobs (cron)
+  include_tasks: cron.yml
+  tags: [cron, background-jobs]
+
+- name: Optimize database and apply configuration
+  include_tasks: optimization.yml
+  tags: [optimization, database]
+
 - name: Display Nextcloud deployment status
   debug:
     msg: |

roles/nextcloud/tasks/optimization.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+---
+# =================================================================
+# Nextcloud Database Optimization
+# =================================================================
+# Rick-Infra - Nextcloud Role
+#
+# Performs database maintenance tasks to optimize performance
+# and resolve setup warnings about missing indices and migrations
+
+- name: Add missing database indices
+  command: >
+    podman exec --user www-data nextcloud
+    php occ db:add-missing-indices
+  register: nextcloud_indices
+  changed_when: "'indices added' in nextcloud_indices.stdout or 'Check indices' in nextcloud_indices.stdout"
+  failed_when: 
+    - nextcloud_indices.rc != 0
+    - "'already exists' not in nextcloud_indices.stderr"
+
+- name: Convert filecache bigint columns
+  command: >
+    podman exec --user www-data nextcloud
+    php occ db:convert-filecache-bigint --no-interaction
+  register: nextcloud_bigint
+  changed_when: "'converted' in nextcloud_bigint.stdout"
+  failed_when:
+    - nextcloud_bigint.rc != 0
+    - "'already' not in nextcloud_bigint.stdout"
+  timeout: 300  # 5 minutes for large databases
+
+- name: Update mimetype database mappings
+  command: >
+    podman exec --user www-data nextcloud
+    php occ maintenance:repair --include-expensive
+  register: nextcloud_repair
+  changed_when: "'updated' in nextcloud_repair.stdout or 'repaired' in nextcloud_repair.stdout"
+  failed_when: nextcloud_repair.rc != 0
+  timeout: 600  # 10 minutes for expensive repairs
+
+- name: Configure maintenance window
+  command: >
+    podman exec --user www-data nextcloud
+    php occ config:system:set maintenance_window_start --value={{ nextcloud_maintenance_window_start }} --type=integer
+  register: nextcloud_maintenance_window
+  changed_when: "'set' in nextcloud_maintenance_window.stdout"
+  failed_when: nextcloud_maintenance_window.rc != 0
+
+- name: Configure default phone region
+  command: >
+    podman exec --user www-data nextcloud
+    php occ config:system:set default_phone_region --value={{ nextcloud_default_phone_region }}
+  register: nextcloud_phone_region
+  changed_when: "'set' in nextcloud_phone_region.stdout"
+  failed_when: nextcloud_phone_region.rc != 0
+
+- name: Display optimization results
+  debug:
+    msg: |
+      Database optimization complete:
+      - Indices: {{ 'Added' if 'indices added' in nextcloud_indices.stdout else 'Already optimized' }}
+      - BigInt: {{ 'Converted' if 'converted' in nextcloud_bigint.stdout else 'Already converted' }}
+      - Mimetypes: {{ 'Updated' if 'updated' in nextcloud_repair.stdout else 'Up to date' }}
+      - Maintenance window: {{ nextcloud_maintenance_window_start }}:00 UTC
+      - Phone region: {{ nextcloud_default_phone_region }}

roles/nextcloud/templates/nextcloud.caddy.j2

@@ -58,6 +58,10 @@
         Referrer-Policy "no-referrer"
         # Disable FLoC tracking
         Permissions-Policy "interest-cohort=()"
+        # Robot indexing policy
+        X-Robots-Tag "noindex, nofollow"
+        # Cross-domain policy
+        X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies "none"
         # Remove server header
         -Server
     }

roles/nextcloud/templates/nextcloud.config.php.j2

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+<?php
+/**
+ * Nextcloud Additional Configuration
+ * Rick-Infra - Nextcloud Role
+ * 
+ * This file provides additional configuration for Nextcloud
+ * that complements the main config.php file.
+ * 
+ * Applied via: php occ config:system:set
+ */
+
+$CONFIG = array(
+  /**
+   * Maintenance Window
+   * 
+   * Defines a maintenance window during which resource-intensive
+   * operations (like database updates) can be performed.
+   * 
+   * Format: Hour (0-23, UTC)
+   */
+  'maintenance_window_start' => {{ nextcloud_maintenance_window_start }},
+
+  /**
+   * Default Phone Region
+   * 
+   * Sets the default country code for phone number validation.
+   * Used when users enter phone numbers without country prefix.
+   * 
+   * Format: ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code
+   */
+  'default_phone_region' => '{{ nextcloud_default_phone_region }}',
+);

roles/podman/defaults/main.yml

@@ -46,6 +46,10 @@ podman_registry_blocked: false
 podman_default_network: "bridge"
 podman_network_security: true
 
+# Trusted container subnets (allowed through firewall)
+podman_trusted_subnets:
+  - "10.88.0.0/16"
+
 # =================================================================
 # Storage Configuration
 # =================================================================

roles/podman/handlers/main.yml

@@ -10,4 +10,9 @@
   systemd:
     name: podman
     state: restarted
-  when: podman_service_enabled | default(true)
+  when: podman_service_enabled | default(true)
+
+- name: reload nftables
+  systemd:
+    name: nftables
+    state: reloaded

roles/podman/tasks/main.yml

@@ -42,6 +42,22 @@
     backup: yes
   notify: restart podman
 
+- name: Create default podman network with DNS enabled
+  command: podman network create podman --subnet 10.88.0.0/16
+  register: podman_network_create
+  changed_when: "'podman' in podman_network_create.stdout"
+  failed_when: 
+    - podman_network_create.rc != 0
+    - "'already exists' not in podman_network_create.stderr"
+
+- name: Deploy podman firewall rules
+  template:
+    src: podman.nft.j2
+    dest: /etc/nftables.d/10-podman.nft
+    mode: '0644'
+    backup: yes
+  notify: reload nftables
+
 - name: Enable podman system service (if enabled)
   systemd:
     name: podman

roles/podman/templates/podman.nft.j2

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#!/usr/sbin/nft -f
+
+# =================================================================
+# Podman Container Network Firewall Rules
+# =================================================================
+# Rick-Infra Infrastructure - Podman Role
+# Priority: 10 (loaded after base rules, before drop rules)
+#
+# Purpose:
+# - Allow container-to-host communication for services (PostgreSQL, Valkey)
+# - Allow container outbound traffic for DNS, package updates, etc.
+# - Enable NAT/masquerading for container networks
+#
+# Security Model:
+# - Containers are trusted (they run our own services)
+# - All container egress traffic is allowed (simplified management)
+# - Container ingress is controlled by application-specific port publishing
+#
+# Architecture:
+# - Containers access host services via Unix sockets or host.containers.internal
+# - Caddy reverse proxy handles all external traffic
+# - No direct container port exposure to internet
+
+# Add rules to INPUT chain - Allow trusted container subnets
+{% for subnet in podman_trusted_subnets %}
+add rule inet filter input ip saddr {{ subnet }} accept comment "Podman containers: {{ subnet }}"
+{% endfor %}
+
+# Add rules to FORWARD chain - Enable container forwarding
+add rule inet filter forward ct state established,related accept comment "Allow established connections"
+add rule inet filter forward iifname "podman0" accept comment "Allow outbound from podman bridge"
+add rule inet filter forward oifname "podman0" ct state established,related accept comment "Allow inbound to podman bridge (established)"